| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Nuclear fusion | a nuclear reaction in which atomic nuclei of low atomic number fuse to form a heavier nucleus with the release of energy. |
| Sunspot | a spot or patch appearing from time to time on the sun's surface, appearing dark by contrast with its surroundings. |
| Solar flares | a brief eruption of intense high-energy radiation from the sun's surface, associated with sunspots and causing electromagnetic disturbances on the earth, as with radio frequency communications and power line transmissions. |
| Prominence | a stream of incandescent gas projecting above the sun's chromosphere. |
| Corona | the rarefied gaseous envelope of the sun and other stars. The sun's corona is normally visible only during a total solar eclipse when it is seen as an irregularly shaped pearly glow surrounding the darkened disk of the moon. |
| Chromosphere | a reddish gaseous layer immediately above the photosphere of the sun or another star. Together with the corona, it constitutes the star's outer atmosphere. |
| Photo sphere | the luminous envelope of a star from which its light and heat radiate. |
| Convection zone | The convection zone of a star is the range of radii in which energy is transported primarily by convection. In the radiation zone, energy is transported by radiation. |
| Radiative zone | The transfer of energy in a zone. |
| Core | the central part of earth below the mantle. |
| Radiation | the transfer of energy as electromagnet waves. |
| Convection | the movement caused within a fluid by the tendency of hotter and therefore less then the movement of matter due to differences in density that are caused by the temperature variations. |
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